Poissons ballons

Tetraodontidae

Pufferfishes / Toadfishes

Classification
Ostéichthyen Tétraodontiforme Tetraodontidae Tetraodontinae Arothron Tetraodon Canthigasterinae Canthigaster
2 s/familles	29 genres	189 espèces

Classification

Ostéichthyen

Tétraodontiforme

Tetraodontidae

Tetraodontinae

Arothron
Tetraodon

Canthigasterinae

Canthigaster

2 s/familles

29 genres

189 espèces

Références web
fishbase en.wiki vieoceane sciencedirect	FAO WetWebMedia aquaportail snorkeling

Références web

fishbase

FAO

Description
in tropical and subtropical waters tête volumineuse bouche relativement petite 2 paires de narines chez les Arothron (une seule chez les Canthigaster) ouvertures operculaires réduites à de simples fentes situées en avant des nageoires pectorales peau dure et sans écaille mais hérissée de petites épines rugueuses dorsale unique, petite sans rayons épineux, symétrique de la nageoire anale; sont disposées très en arrière pelviennes absentes caudale en balayette omnivores consommant algues et nombreux invertébrés, envoyant un jet d'eau ans le sable pour découvrir les invertébrés qui y sont enfouis four large teeth, fused into an upper and lower plate (TetraOdontidae), used for crushing the hard shells of crustaceans and mollusks excellent eyesight; able to move their eyes independently many species can change the color or intensity of their patterns in response to environmental changes capable of greatly inflating themselves with water (or air if outside water!) until it is spherical in shape many puffers contain tetraodotoxin (>>fugu) in skin and organs; larval pufferfish are chemically defended by the presence of TTX on the surface of skin; lizardfish^es and sharks semblent immunisés généralement sollitaires, qqx en couples slow locomotion but highly maneuverable combining all 4 types of fins, the tail as a rudder (gouvernail) or for a sudden evasive burst of speed; peuvent faire un demi-tour sur place et même nager en arrière spawning occurs after males slowly push females to the water surface eggs are laid on a flat piece of slate or other smooth, hard material, to which they adhere male will guard them until they hatch, carefully blowing water over them regularly to keep the eggs healthy hatching occurs after roughly four days are seem already quite functional (eyes, mouth, stomac...); larves pélagiques comprend l'espèce très artistique: Torquigener albomaculosus, construisant un "nid" en complex geometric designs (rosace)
Identification keys to Pufferfishes

Description

in tropical and subtropical waters
tête volumineuse
bouche relativement petite
2 paires de narines chez les Arothron (une seule chez les Canthigaster)
ouvertures operculaires réduites à de simples fentes situées en avant des nageoires pectorales
peau dure et sans écaille mais hérissée de petites épines rugueuses
dorsale unique, petite sans rayons épineux, symétrique de la nageoire anale; sont disposées très en arrière
pelviennes absentes
caudale en balayette
omnivores consommant algues et nombreux invertébrés, envoyant un jet d'eau ans le sable pour découvrir les invertébrés qui y sont enfouis
four large teeth, fused into an upper and lower plate (TetraOdontidae), used for crushing the hard shells of crustaceans and mollusks
excellent eyesight; able to move their eyes independently
many species can change the color or intensity of their patterns in response to environmental changes
capable of greatly inflating themselves with water (or air if outside water!) until it is spherical in shape
many puffers contain tetraodotoxin (>>fugu) in skin and organs; larval pufferfish are chemically defended by the presence of TTX on the surface of skin; lizardfish^es and sharks semblent immunisés
généralement sollitaires, qqx en couples
slow locomotion but highly maneuverable combining all 4 types of fins, the tail as a rudder (gouvernail) or for a sudden evasive burst of speed; peuvent faire un demi-tour sur place et même nager en arrière
spawning occurs after males slowly push females to the water surface
eggs are laid on a flat piece of slate or other smooth, hard material, to which they adhere
male will guard them until they hatch, carefully blowing water over them regularly to keep the eggs healthy
hatching occurs after roughly four days are seem already quite functional (eyes, mouth, stomac...); larves pélagiques
comprend l'espèce très artistique: Torquigener albomaculosus, construisant un "nid" en complex geometric designs (rosace)

Si l'image tarde à s'afficher, cliquez sur le lien

Identification keys to Pufferfishes

Etymologies		Source
Tetraodontiformes	grec [tetra-] = quatre et [-odon] = dents + forma (aspect, look)	doris
Arothron	grec [arothron] = charrue ou [arotreus] = laboureur, peut être en rapport avec sa façon de manger, en "labourant" le sable,	doris



Arothron caeruleopunctatus
fishbase / doris / australianmuseum / nomadica / fr.wiki / souslesmers / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Blue-spotted puffer	Matsuura, 1994 / LC / ITIS 646259

2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)


1996 Milne Bay (PNG) ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	2008 Maldives by Jim Greenfield (via fishbase)	2011 aquarium (Shimonoseki/Japon) ©opencage (via Wikimedia Commons)


2017 Queensland (Au) by Anne Hoggett (via fishbase)	2011 Apo Island (Philippines) by Nicolas Bailly (via fishbase)	1997 Batang (Indonesia) ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)


2017 Wakatobi (ID) by Christian Gloor (via Wikimedia Commons)	Cleaning session with Urocaridella (Palaemonidae), 2017 Wakatobi (ID) by Christian Gloor (via Wikimedia Commons)	2017 Fiji ©Mark Rosenstein (via fishesofaustralia)


2009 Bunaken by Bernard DUPONT (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2014 Baa Atoll (Maldives) by Frederic Ducarme (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2011 Queensland (Au) by lovelyclemmy (via Encyclopedia of Life)
Indo-WPacifiq	Ballon à points bleus	tropical
gris, bleu, jaune, moucheté; lignes circulaires bleues et noires autour des yeux; ventre blanc; toutes les nageoires couvertes de points bleus; qqx taches blches cerclées noir
2-50m / <80 cm	nesting in sand bottom	solitaire / video
Arothron caeruleopunctatus




Arothron diadematus
souslesmers / fishbase / en.wiki / nomadica	Synonymes Masked puffer	Rüppell, 1829 / LC / ITIS 646261

2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2010 Egypt ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)		2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2019 Maldives ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	1997 Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) by Richard Field (via fishbase)	2015 Safaga (Egypt) by Lesley Clements (via Encyclopedia of Life)


by Albert Kok (via Encyclopedia of life)	1997 Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) by Richard Field (via fishbase)	1996 Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) by Richard Field (via fishbase)


1972 Aqaba ©Randall, John E. (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2006 by JennyHuang (via Encyclopedia of life)	1997 Red Sea ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)
Red Sea	Arothron masqué	tropical
blanc cassé avec taches noires ±nb, ±grandes; 'masque' noir autour des yeux;caudale gris clair; base et attaches de la dorsale et des pectorales noir
0-20m / 30cm	dioecism, fécondation externe, ovipare	solitaire (but schooling while mating time)
Arothron diadematus




Arothron hispidus
fishbase / aquaportail / souslesmers / australianmuseum / doris / monaconature / fr.wiki / nomadica / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes White-spotted puffer / Ballon à taches blanches / Stars-and-stripes Puffer	Linnaeus, 1758 / LC / ITIS 173309

2019 Philippines ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2016 Oman ©mda (via INaturalist)


2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Nakari (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)		2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2011 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Nakari (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


by Albert Kok (via Wikimedia Commons)	2015 Sydney by John Turnbull (via Encyclopedia of Life)	1998 Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) by Richard Field (via fishbase)


2004 Hawaii by Brocken Inaglory (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2014 by Hatem Moushir (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2006 Timor by Nick Hobgood (via Encyclopedia of Life)


2009 Wadi Gimal (Egypt) by Gianemilio Rusconi (via fishbase)	juvénile, 2013 Sydney by John Turnbull (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2010 Port Ghalib (Egypt) by Gianemilio Rusconi (via fishbase)


2005 aquarium (Seattle) by Marcela Suarez (via Wikimedia Commons)	2007 by Zacken200 (via Wikimedia Commons)	2007 by LASZLO ILYES (via Wikimedia Commons)
Indo & Pacifiq & Red Sea	Ballon pintade	tropical
caudale en balayette allongée; gris-brun avec ±points taches blancs; cercles blancs sur fonds noirs autour des yeux et des attaches des pectorales
<50m / 50cm / 2kg video	dioecism, nesting on sand bottom; plus jeunes, moins de taches	solitaire, territorial, benthopelagiq
Arothron hispidus




Arothron immaculatus
fishbase / doris / fishipedia / souslesmers / nomadica / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Immaculate puffer / Poisson-ballon à lignes brunes / Blackedged blaasop / Yellow-eye Puffer	Bloch & Schneider, 1801/ LC / ITIS

1997 Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) by Richard Field (via fishbase)	2004 Fahl Island (Gulf of Oman) by Richard Field (via fishbase)	2004 Fahl Island (Gulf of Oman) by Richard Field (via fishbase)


2015 Sri Lanka by Chamaeleo (via Encyclopedia of Life)	Thailand ©Chaloklum Diving (via Encyclopedia of Life)	Thailand ©Chaloklum Diving (via Encyclopedia of Life)


2012 Réunion ©Philippe Bourjon (via Wikimedia Commons)	2006 Réunion by Elapied (via Wikimedia Commons)	2012 Cebu (Ph) by Elias Levy (via Wikimedia Commons)
Indo-WPacifiq & Red Sea	Bourse goémon	tropical
body blanc cassé avec ±taches et points bruns; caudale jaune à bordure noire; zone circulaire sombre à la base des pectorales; ventre blanc; cercle jaune puis brun autour des yeux;
3-30m / 30cm	dioecism, fécondation externe, nesting (in sand), ovipare	solitaire, in weedy areas, seagrass beds & estuaries and mangroves
Arothron immaculatus




Arothron manilensis
fishbase / doris / animal-world / souslesmers / recif-france / australianmuseum / nomadica / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Narrow-lined puffer	Marion de Procé, 1822 / LC / ITIS 553408

2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2009 Tulamben (Bali) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2009 Gilimanuk (Bali) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


1997 Maumere (Flores/Indonesia) ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	1997 Manado (Sulawesi) ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	2009 Kwajalein Atoll (Marshall Is.) by Jeanette Johnson (via fishbase)


2018 Morotai (ID) by Rickard Zerpe (via Wikimedia Commons)	2017 Halmahera (ID) by Rickard Zerpe (via Wikimedia Commons)	2009 Manado (Sulawesi) by Bernard DUPONT (via Wikimedia Commons)


2014 Solomon Is. by Mark Rosenstein (via Encyclopedia of Life)	Guam (Mariana Is.) by David Burdick (via Wikimedia Commons)	2015 Barat (IN) by Mark Rosenstein (via Encyclopedia of Life)
WPacifiq	Ballon pyjama	tropical
many longitudinal dark stripes on body, although the stripes sometimes faint
2-20m / <31cm	dioecism, nesting on sand, guarding	benthopelagic, solitaire, in seagrass beds and sandy areas
Arothron manilensis




Arothron mappa
fishbase / doris / aquaportail / australianmuseum / souslesmers / monaconature / fishesofaustralia / nomadica	Synonymes Map puffer / Poisson-ballon gribouillé	Lesson, 1831 / LC / ITIS 646263

2014 Borneo ©mda (via INaturalist)	2014 Borneo ©mda (via INaturalist)	2014 Komodo ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist)


2019 Maldives ©mda (via INaturalist)		2019 Maldives ©mda (via INaturalist)


2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	Gros plan sur les dents, 2010 aquarium (Nancy) by Jejecam (via Wikimedia Commons)	2006 Bunaken (Sulawesi) by Jens Petersen (via Wikimedia Commons)


2009 Seychelles by Massimiliano Finzi (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2005 Great Barrier (Au) by Erik Schlogl (via fishesofaustralia)	2014 Réunion by Sébastien Vasquez (via Wikimedia Commons)


2013 Visayan (Ph) by Carmelo Lopez Abad (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2013 Bitung (Lembeh straits-Sulawesi) by Mark Rosenstein (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2006 Micronesia by NOAA (via Encyclopedia of Life)
Indo & Pacifiq	Ballon griffonné	tropical
black labyrinthic reticulations on greyish-whitish body (variant à chq individu), se terminant en structure radiale autour des yeux; black area around anus; ventre est jaune moutarde avec des taches rondes blanches; attache des pectorales griffonné de taches noires plus grosses
4-30m / 65cm	dioecism, fécondation externe, ovipare nesting	solitaire, en eaux calmes
Arothron mappa




Arothron meleagris
fishbase / doris / souslesmers / aquaportail / monaconature / fishesofaustralia / reefguide	Synonymes Guineafowl puffer / Whitespotted pufferfish	Anonymous, 1798 / LC / ITIS 173311

2019 Maldives ©mda (via INaturalist)	2019 Maldives ©mda (via INaturalist)	2016 Oman ©mda (via INaturalist)


2015 Maldives ©mda (via INaturalist)	juvénile, 2012 aquarium (Hong Kong) by Allen W.L. To (via fishbase)	2019 Maldives ©mda (via INaturalist)


1995 Midway Islands ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	1996 aquarium (Waikiki) ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	By Bill Eichenlaub (via Wikimedia Commons)


2014 Galapagos by Carmelo Lopez Abad (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2016 Hawaii by Donna Pomeroy (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2012 by Onderwijsgek (via Encyclopedia of Life)


2007 Panama by LASZLO ILYES (via Wikimedia Commons)	2010 Seychelles by Roberto Pillon (via fishbase)	2003 Fahl Island (Oman) by Richard Field (via fishbase)
Indo-Pacifiq	Ballon pintade	tropical
body et nageoires: noirs à taches blanches rondes; ou complètement jaunes (avec qq rares pts noirs épars) ! juvéniles: noirs à pts jaunes
1-73m / 30-50 cm	dioecism, fécondation externe, ovipare, nesting	benthopelagic, solitaire
Arothron meleagris




Arothron nigropunctatus
fishbase / aquaportail / animal-world / souslesmers / australianmuseum / doris / nomadica / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Blackspotted puffer / Dog-faced Puffer	Bloch & Schneider, 1801 / LC / ITIS 173316

2015 Maldives ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2014 Lankayan (Borneo) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist)	2009 Bali ©mda (via INaturalist)	2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (v


2014 Borneo ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2012 Lembeh ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


2005 zoo (Bristol) ©Arpingstone (via Wikimedia Commons)	Gunung Api (Indonesia)©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	2011 Maldives by Lesley Clements (via Encyclopedia of Life)


2016 Raja Ampat by Mark Rosenstein (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2017 Australia by Ian Shaw (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2008 Philippines by Matheu Stewart (via Encyclopedia of Life)


2006 Maldives by Gianemilio Rusconi (via fishbase)	1995 Japon ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	2008 Mayotte by PLANTARD Laurent (via fishbase)
Indo & WCPacifiq & Red Sea	Ballon à taches noires	tropical
clair (jaune, bleu, crème, gris, qqx bicolore) parsemé de taches noires éparses; ventre blc
3-25m / <33cm	dioecism, fécondation externe, ovipare	solitaire ou couple
Arothron nigropunctatus

Arothron reticularis
fishbase / en.wiki / liveaquaria / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Reticulated pufferfish / Reticulate Toadfish	Bloch & Schneider, 1801/ LC / ITIS

1998 Red Sea (Saudi Arabia) ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)	1998 Red Sea (Saudi Arabia) ©Field, Richard (via fishbase)	©Shorefishes of the Tropical Eastern Pacific by Ross Robertson (via fishesofaustralia)


2014 by wenfisher (via Wikimedia Commons)		2015 Barat (IN) by Mark Rosenstein (via Encyclopedia of Life)


2015 Drop-Off Tulamben (Bali) by Lesley Clements (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2015 Noumea by Jacob Fahr (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2015 Noumea by Jacob Fahr (via Encyclopedia of Life)
E.Indo & W-Pacifiq	Ballon réticulé	tropical
brown or deep grey, with whitish rounded spots on the dorsal surface, giving a net-like appearance; about nine bands of colour, alternately dark and pale, start near the snout and bend round below the eye, the mouth and the pectoral fin base; large blackish blotch on the gill flap and on the base of the pectoral fin; tail-fin is spotted and the other fins are translucent yellowish-brown
<25m / 45cm	dioecism, fécondation externe, ovipare	solitaire; near to areas with sand and seaweed, sandy areas, seagrass meadows, and mangrove areas
Arothron reticularis




Arothron stellatus
fishbase / doris / aquaportail / australianmuseum / souslesmers / nomadica / fishesofaustralia	Synonymes Stellate puffer / Starry puffer	Bloch & Schneider, 1801 / LC / ITIS 173317

2009 Bali ©mda (via INaturalist)	2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2013 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)	2019 Philippines ©mda (via INaturalist)


2005 NSW by Richard Ling (via Wikimedia Commons)	1996 Red Sea ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	1999 Jeddah (Saudi Arabia) by Richard Field (via fishbase)


2007 Cebu (Ph) by TANAKA Juuyoh (via Wikimedia Commons)	2009 Wadi Gimal (Egypt) by Gianemilio Rusconi (via fishbase)	2002 Daymayat Is. (Gulf of Oman) by Richard Field (via fishbase)


juvenile, 2002 Batangas (Ph) ©Nicolas, Bailly (via fishbase)	juvenile, 2002 Batangas (Ph) ©Nicolas, Bailly (via fishbase)	2016 Aqaba ©Trevor Meyer (via fishbase)


2007 NSW (Au) by Sasha Schulz (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2015 Barat (IN) by Mark Rosenstein (via Encyclopedia of Life)	2010 Seychelles by Roberto Pillon (via fishbase)
Indo-WCPacifiq & Red Sea	Ballon étoilé	tropical
body blc avec nb points noirs; attaches des pectorales noires; ventre blc; juveniles with dark stripes on body & belly yellow, becoming spots with growth
3-58m / 40-100 cm (jsq 120cm)	dioecism, fécondation externe, ovipare	solitaire & farouche; uncommon
Arothron stellatus




Canthigaster

Canthigaster cyanospilota 1996 Red Sea ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)	Canthigaster axiologus 2005 Kwajalein Atoll (Marshall Is.) by Jeanette Johnson (via fishbase)	Canthigaster valentini 1997 Lizard Island (Au) ©Randall, John E. (via fishbase)
Canthigaster

MàJ 13/03/2023