Classification | |
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Animalia Chordata
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14 genres | 2300 espèces |
Références web | |
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fr.wikipedia | en.wikipedia |
Description |
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Etymologies | Source | |
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Ascidiacea | grec Ascos (outre) + Eides (forme) | wiki |
Rhopalaea | latin rhopalus (massue) | doris |
Ciona | latin cion (cire) | doris |
Aplidium | ||
Aplidium caeruleum
2010 by Parent Géry (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Aplidium conicum
2008 Croatie ©Elapied (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Aplidium elegans
2008 Croatie ©Elapied (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Aplidium punctum
2010 St-Quay Portrieux (France22) ©Matthieu Sontag (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Aplidium stellatum
2007 by jkirkhart35 (via Wikimedia Commons) |
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Aplidium | ||
Aplidium nordmanni | ||
doris / cotebleue / habitas / mer-littoral | Amaroucium nordmanni | Milne Edwards, 1841 / NE / ITIS |
2010 Banyuls by Parent Géry (via Wikimedia Commons) | ©Bernard Picton (via Habitas) | ©Bernard Picton (via Habitas) |
2008 Cala Monjoi (Sp) ©Eric (via ozp/GooglePhotos) | 2018 Irlande ©Daniel Rodrigues (via INaturalist) | |
Manche, Atlantique européen, Méditerranée | Polyclinidé sinueux | tempéré |
colonies divided into lobes; large conspicuous cloacal openings in the upper surface; siphons exhalants communs translucides; White pigmentation of oral lobes and atrial languet; orangée, rose, parfois très pâle | ||
5-50m / | fonds rocheux exposés au courant; photophile | |
Aplidium nordmanni | ||
Ascidiidae | ||
Ascidiella aspersa
2015 Irlande ©Bernard Picton (via INaturalist) |
Phallusia julinea
2014 Lizard Is (Au) ©Anne Hoggett (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Phallusia mammillata
2006 Treveneuc (Fr29) ©Dany (via INaturalist) |
Phallusia philippinensis 2022 Nouméa ©damienbrouste (via INaturalist) |
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Ascidiidae |
Botrylles | ||
Botryllus schlosseri
2013 St-Cast (Fr22) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Botrylloides violaceus
2006 Sandwich town beach ©U.S. Geological Survey/photo by Dann Blackwood (USGS) (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Botrylloides leachii
1985 Banyuls ©Parent Géry (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Botrylles |
Ciona intestinalis | ||
mer-littoral / doris / en.wiki / cotebleue / habitas / marlin / ADW / souslesmers | Pleurociona edwardsi | Linnaeus, 1767 / NE / ITIS 159113 |
2014 New Hampshire ©Jeff S. (via INaturalist) | 2014 New Hampshire ©Jeff S. (via INaturalist) | 2014 New Hampshire ©Jeff S. (via INaturalist) |
2019 Sweden ©Emil Burman (via INaturalist) | 2019 Argentina ©Gonzalo Bravo (via INaturalist) | 2019 Canada ©Lara Gibson (via INaturalist) |
2019 Dinard (Fr35) ©Pierre Corbrion (via INaturalist) | 2014 Norway ©Bernard Picton (via INaturalist) | 2013 Scotland ©Bernard Picton (via INaturalist) |
N-Atlantiq, Manche, Baltiq, NordSee, Méditerranée | Cione intestinale | frais à subtropical |
tube allongé et rétractable ds la longueur; bords des siphons avec marge colorée jaune-orangé; corps pâle translucide | ||
1-500m / 10-20cm ht | solitaire | |
Ciona intestinalis |
Ciona savignyi | ||
en.wiki / invasions.si.edu / depts.washington.edu | Synonymes | Herdman, 1882 / NE / ITIS |
2012 St-Cast (Fr22) ©mda (via INaturalist) | 2012 St-Cast (Fr22) ©mda (via INaturalist) | 2007 Monterey (US) by Steve Lonhart NOAA MBNMS (via Wikimedia Commons) |
2007 Monterey (US) by Steve Lonhart NOAA MBNMS (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2007 Monterey (US) by Steve Lonhart NOAA MBNMS (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2020 Oakland (CA) © Chloe and Trevor (via INaturalist) |
2007 Californie (US) ©Damon Tighe (via INaturalist) | 2020 Oakland (CA) ©Chloe and Trevor (via INaturalist) | 2019 Santa Barbara (CA) ©Santa Barbara Channel Marine Biodiversity (via INaturalist) |
Japon puis invasive worldwide | Pacific transparent sea squirt | |
bottle or vase-shaped, broader near the base; soft and gelatinous, translucide; eight yellow-edged lobes each with an orange-red spot around the 2 siphons; white flecks (taches) in the tunic wall | ||
15cm lg | hermaphrodite (male and female gonads do not ripen simultaneously so it does not normally self-fertilise) | solitary |
Ciona savignyi | ||
Clavelinidae | ||
Clavelina arafurensis ? noire, 2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Rhopalaea fusca
2019 Bohol (Ph) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Clavelina cyclus
2019 Dauin (Ph) ©Dan Schofield (via INaturalist) |
Clavelina (Pycnoclavella) flava
2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Clavelina lepadiformis
2013 St-Cast (Fr22) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Clavelina coerulaea
2023 Guam ©marisa_a (via INaturalist) |
Clavelina moluccensis
2005 Timor by NHobgood (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Clavelina (Pycnoclavella) nana
2019 Bohol (Ph) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
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Clavelina obesa
2019 Dauin (Ph) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Clavelina robusta
2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Nephtheis fascicularis
2006 Timor ©Nick Hobgood (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Clavelinidae |
Diazona violacea | ||
fr.wiki / doris / souslesmers / habitas / cotebleue / mer-littoral / ifremer / european-marine-life | Synonymes | Savigny, 1816/ NE / ITIS |
2013 Carantec (Fr29) ©Matthieu Sontag (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2016 Cornwall ©Bernard Picton (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2013 Carantec (Fr29) ©Matthieu Sontag (via Wikimedia Commons) |
2013 Scotland ©Bernard Picton (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2013 Scotland ©Bernard Picton (via Wikimedia Commons) | ©Bernard Picton (via Habitas) |
NE-Atlantiq & Méditerranée | Diazone | frais à subtropical |
colonies ovoïdes en bouquet serré, semi-transparentes blanchâtre; individus libres cylindriq, renflés à mi-hauteur;3 anneaux blc autour ds siphons | ||
15-200m / 5-40cm dia / 5-10cm ht (colonie) / jsq 2kg / jsq 100individus / 10-50mm ht (individu) | hermaphrodite ovipare | aime les courants violents; fixée au pied (colonie) |
Diazona violacea |
Didemnidae | ||
Atriolum robustum
2006 Komodo by Nick Hobgood (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Didemnum commune
2011 Banyuls ©Matthieu Sontag (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Didemnum maculosum
1990 ©Parent Géry (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Didemnum membranaceum
by Rokus Groeneveld (via diverosa) |
Didemnum molle
2009 by Silke Baron (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Didemnum moseleyi
2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Didemnum pseudofulgens
1985 ©Parent Géry (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Didemnum vexillum
poussant sur et parasitant des algues vertes, Sandwich (Massachutts/US) by Dann Blackwood (USGS) (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Diplosoma listerianum
1984 Banyuls by Parent Géry (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Diplosoma simile
2015Réunion ©Philippe Bourjon (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Diplosoma spongiforme
1984 Banyuls by Parent Géry (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Diplosoma virens
avec Rhopalea crassa, 2007 E-Timor by Nick Hobgood (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Lissoclinum fragile
2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist) |
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didemnidés | ||
Didemnum |
Perophora modificata | ||
nomadica / doris / souslesmers / reefguide | Synonymes | Kott, 1985 / NE / ITIS |
2003 Bunaken (Sulawesi) by Bernard DUPONT (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2013 by Nick Hobgood (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2018 Lizard Is (Au) ©Anne Hoggett (via INaturalist) |
Indo-WPacifiq | Pérophore jaune | tropical |
forme des petits bouquets serrés de ptts sacs sur pédoncule; lisse, jaune translucide, siphons au sommet; | ||
6-30m / 1-2cm (zooïde) | sexuée (hermaphrodite, fécondation externe) et asexuée (bourgeonnement du stolon) | sociale reliée aux autres par un stolon fixé au substrat |
Perophora modificata |
Perophora namei | ||
fr.wiki / souslesmers | Synonymes | Hartmeyer & Michaelsen, 1928 / NE / ITIS |
2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist) | 2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist) | 2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist) |
2015 Raja Ampat ©Jim Greenfield (via INaturalist) | 2006 Timor by Nick Hobgood (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2011 Raja Ampat ©JMP (via INaturalist) |
Indo-WPacifiq | ascidie arborescente | tropical |
forme de clochettes bleutées translucides, pédonculées et rattachées sur un stolon commun érigé tel un tronc; gonades de couleur jaune orangé | ||
20-50m / 5mm (zooïde) / 10-25cm (stolon) | ||
Perophora namei |
Polyclinum aurantium | ||
souslesmers / mer-littoral / habitas | Synonymes | Milne-Edwards, 1841 / NE / ITIS |
1985 by Parent Géry (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2008 Niolon (Fr13) ©Matthieu Sontag (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2019 Irlande ©Bernard Picton (via INaturalist) |
2019 Irlande ©Bernard Picton (via INaturalist) | 2022 guilvinec ©frederic-andre (via INaturalist) | |
Méditerranée | Couille d'âne | subtropical |
masses hémisphériques translucides jaunâtres en Atlantq (blch en Méditerranée); ouverture cloacale commune large et située au centre de la colonie, siphon cerclé de blanc; pédoncule très court | ||
<100m / 1-5cm dia | coloniale, mode agité | |
Polyclinum aurantium | ||
Pyuridae | ||
Halocynthia papillosa
2014 Marseille (Fr13) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Microcosmus sabatieri
siphon exhalant, 2010 Banyuls by Parent Géry (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Pyura spinifera
2007 Cronulla (NSW/Au) ©Richard Ling (via Wikimedia Commons) |
Pyuridae | ||
Rhopalaea crassa | ||
nomadica / divegallery / sealifebase | Synonymes | Herdman, 1880 / NE / ITIS |
2009 Tulamben (Bali) ©mda (via INaturalist) | 2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist) | 2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) |
2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) | 2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) | 2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) |
2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) | 2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) | 2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) |
2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) | 2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) | 2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) |
2016 Lembeh © terence zahner (via INaturalist) | 2004 Bali © ronigreer (via INaturalist) | 2018 Bali ©Carla van Westing (via INaturalist) |
2019 Silden (Borneo) by q phia (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2009 Philippines by Hectonichus (via Wikimedia Commons) | 2019 Bali ©Jens Sommer-Knudsen (via INaturalist) |
Indo-WCPacifiq | Ascidie translucide bleue | tropical |
tubulaire, en forme de sac bleu translucide, parcourue par des filaments bleutés; siphons au sommet; collerette transparente autour du siphon buccal; | ||
shallow waters (6-260m) / 4cm (zooïde) | hermaphrodite, fécondation externe (ovules et spermatozoïdes n’arrivent pas à maturation en même temps, ce qui évite l’autofécondation) | solitaire |
Rhopalaea crassa |
Sigillina signifera | ||
souslesmers / nomadica | Synonymes | Sluiter, 1909 / NE / ITIS |
2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist) | 2019 Cebu (Ph) © caron_wong (via INaturalist) | |
2019 Lizard Is (Au) ©Anne Hoggett (via INaturalist) | 2019 Kai Besar (ID) ©Silki Anisa Hidayat (via INaturalist) | |
Indo-WPacifiq | ascidie bouteille | tropical |
petits sacs sur un pédoncule, lisses, bleu-verdâtre transparents, regroupés en grappes; siphons au sommet, cerclés de bleu-vert foncé avec points & virgules sombres; colonie d'aspect gélatineux | ||
5-15m / 1cm (zooïde) | sexuée (hermaphrodite, fécondation externe) et asexuée (bourgeonnement du stolon) | sociale |
Sigillina signifera | ||
Styelidae | ||
Botryllus schlosseri
2013 St-Cast (Fr22) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Botrylloides leachii
2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) |
Eusynstyela latericius
2014 Tulamben (Bali) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Eusynstyela misakiensis
2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Polycarpa aurata
2009 Amed (Bali) ©mda (via GooglePhotos) |
Polycarpa cryptocarpa
2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist) |
Stolonica socialis
©Bernard Picton (via Habitas) |
Styela clava
2011 Erquy (Fr22) ©mda (via INaturalist) (via Wikimedia Commons) |
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Styelidae | ||
MàJ 22/03/2023