Les coraux mous

Alcyonacea

Soft coral

Classification
Animalia Radiata Cnidaria * Anthozoa Ceriantharia Cerianthidae Cerianthus Pachycerianthus Hexacorallia Octocorallia Alcyonacea Alcyoniidae Alcyonium Cladiella Minabea Rhytisma Sarcophyton Sinularia Nephtheidae Dendronephthya Eunephthya Scleronephthya Nidaliidae Nephthyigorgia Siphonogorgia Xeniidae Anthelia Heteroxenia Xenia Calcaxonia Chrysogorgiidae Chrysogorgia Ellisellidae Ctenocella Ellisella Junceella Verrucella Holaxonia Acanthogorgiidae Muricella Gorgoniidae Eunicella Plexauridae Melithaea Paramuricea Plexaura	Animalia Radiata Cnidaria * Anthozoa Ceriantharia Cerianthidae Cerianthus Pachycerianthus Hexacorallia Octocorallia Scleraxonia Anthothelidae Solenocaulon Briareidae Pachyclavularia Coralliidae Corallium Melithaeidae Acabaria Clathraria Melithaea Parisididae Spongiodermidae Subergorgiidae Annella Subergorgia Pennatulacea Pennatulidae Virgulariidae Stolonifera Clavilariidae Cornulariidae Tubiporidae
6 sous-ordres	29 familles

Classification

Animalia

Radiata

Cnidaria

* Anthozoa

Ceriantharia
- Cerianthidae
  Cerianthus
  
  Pachycerianthus

Hexacorallia

Octocorallia
- Alcyonacea
  - Alcyoniidae
    Alcyonium
    
    Cladiella
    
    Minabea
    
    Rhytisma
    
    Sarcophyton
    
    Sinularia
  - Nephtheidae
    Dendronephthya
    
    Eunephthya
    
    Scleronephthya
  - Nidaliidae
    Nephthyigorgia
    
    Siphonogorgia
  - Xeniidae
    Anthelia
    
    Heteroxenia
    
    Xenia
- Calcaxonia
  - Chrysogorgiidae
    Chrysogorgia
  - Ellisellidae
    Ctenocella
    
    Ellisella
    
    Junceella
    
    Verrucella
- Holaxonia
  - Acanthogorgiidae
    Muricella
  - Gorgoniidae
    Eunicella
  - Plexauridae
    Melithaea
    
    Paramuricea
    
    Plexaura

Animalia

Radiata

Cnidaria

* Anthozoa

Ceriantharia
- Cerianthidae
  Cerianthus
  
  Pachycerianthus

Hexacorallia

Octocorallia
- Scleraxonia
  - Anthothelidae
    Solenocaulon
  - Briareidae
    Pachyclavularia
  - Coralliidae
    Corallium
  - Melithaeidae
    Acabaria
    
    Clathraria
    
    Melithaea
  - Parisididae
  - Spongiodermidae
  - Subergorgiidae
    Annella
    
    Subergorgia
- Pennatulacea
  - Pennatulidae
  - Virgulariidae
- Stolonifera
  - Clavilariidae
  - Cornulariidae
  - Tubiporidae

6 sous-ordres

29 familles

Références web
en.wikipedia boowiki animal-world recif-france WetWebMedia oceanlight	WWMnephtheids WWMalcyoniids WWMxeniidarts WWMnidaliids recif-france

Références web

en.wikipedia

Description
Pas de squelette de carbonate, ms small spiny skeletal spicules (sclerites) embedded within the tissue	sessile
s'étend radialement autour d'un axe corné dépourvu de sclérite et avec le cortex de l'axe divisé en compartiments	ahermatypiq
Their entire surface, known as the coenenchyme, is covered with small polyps	zooxanthellate
colonies de polypes dressés, svt arborescents ou buissonnants ou digités, svt très colorés	tentacules x8
peuvent se gonfler d'eau pour se déployer ou au contraire expulser de l'eau pour se contracter
Autozooid Polyps The polyps known as autozooids have eight pinnate tentacles and eight septae. Their role is to acquire food for the colony. The tentacles capture the prey, primarily planktonic foods from the water column, and move it to the mouth in the center. The eight septae are equal sized compartments with interconnecting channels that distribute the food throughout the colony. Siphonozooid Polyps The second type of polyp is known as siphonozooids. It has reduced tentacles and cilia, along with an oral cavity. Its job is to pump water into the body of the colony, which supplies oxygen and also helps to keep the soft coral erect.

un peu de vocabulaire
autozooid coenenchyme hermatypique	polype (polyp) polytrophique spicule	sclérite siphonozooid stolon zooxanthelles
La plupart des définitions sont extraites des sites : Aquaportail, Doris, Corallosphere, AnimalWorld ou Wikipedia (merci à eux); à consulter

Etymologies		Source
Alcyonacea	mythologie grecque : Άλκυών = oiseau marin	doris



Alcyoniidae

Alcyonium coralloides 2011 Colera (Sp) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Alcyonium digitatum 2012 St-Cast (Fr22) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Alcyonium acaule 2011 Colera (Sp) ©mda (via INaturalist)


Alcyonium glomeratum 2015 Plougasnou (Fr29) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)	Alcyonium palmatum 2007 ©Albert Kok (via Wikimedia Commons)	Cladiella colti aquarium (Budapest) by Хомелка (via Wikimedia Commons)


Sarcophyton trocheliophorum 2015 Maldives ©JMP (via INaturalist)	Sclerophytum 2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Sclerophytum 2012 Nakari (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


Paraminabea aldersladei 2005 Timor by Nick Hobgood (via Wikimedia Commons)	Paraminabea aldersladei Polypes rétractés, 2019 Maldives ©mda (via INaturalist)	Rhystima fulvum 2012 Nakari (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)
Alcyoniidae



Alcyoniina

Paralemnalia 2019 Cabilao (Ph) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Dendronephthya 2019 Cabilao (Ph) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Scleronephthya 2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)


Eunephthya 2010 SAfrica by Seascapeza (via Encyclopedia of Life)	Nephthyigorgia sp. 2009 aquarium (Recife/canary) ©Josuevg (via Wikimedia Commons)	Chironephthya 2009 Amed (Bali) ©mda (via INaturalist)


Xeniidae 2012 Nakari ©mda (via INaturalist)	Siphonogorgia godeffroyi 2011 Raja Ampat ©mda (via INaturalist)	Lobophytum 2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)
Alcyoniina



Calcaxonia

Junceella 2007 by Nazir Erwan Amin (via Wikimedia Commons)	Ellisella ceratophyta 2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Ellisellidae 2017 Soudan ©mda (via INaturalist)
Calcaxonia



Holaxonia

Eunicella cavolini 2014 Marseille ©mda (via INaturalist)	Eunicella singularis 2012 Porquerolles (Fr83) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Eunicella verrucosa 2010 Trebeurden (Fr22) ©mda (via GooglePhotos)


Muricella plectana 2012 Lembeh (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Paramuricea clavata 2011 Colera (Sp) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Rumphella torta 2012 Hurghada (Egypt) ©mda (via INaturalist)


	Plexaura homomalla 2010 Venezuela ©Paul Asman & Jill Lenoble (via GooglePhotos)
Plexauridae
Holaxonia



Scleraxonia

Annella mollis 2012 Bunaken (Sulawesi) ©mda (via INaturalist)	Acabaria splendens 2006 Hurghada (Egypt) by Fernando Herranz Martín (via Wikimedia Commons)	Melithaea splendens 2010 Egypt ©mda (via INaturalist)


Parisididae 2007 Malaysia by Anders Poulsen ((Deep Blue)) (via Wikimedia Commons)	Annella reticulata 2019 Christma Island ©Carol Kwok (via INaturalist)	Corallium rubrum 2011 Colera (Sp) ©mda (via INaturalist)
Scleraxonia

MàJ 19/03/2023